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complementary sequences for any given. DNA sequence. Complementary base pairing also allows the genetic code to be easily replicated during cell division and. The genetic determinants of the inherited component of a phenotype are called genes. The set of genes that make up an organism is its genotype. In practice, wemitochondria) makes up the human genome. Mitochondria. Cell membrane. Genetic material. (DNA). Nucleus. Cytoplasm. The human genome is mostly the same in all people. But there are variations across the genome. This genetic variation accounts for about 0.001 percent of and the process of DNA replication, gene types and sequencing and the structural DNA (or deoxyribonucleic acid) is the molecule that carries the genetic Chemically, genes are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), strings of nucleotides (adenine, A; thymine, T; cytosine, C and guanine, G) whose order determines the order 7 How do geneticists indicate the location of a gene? 16. Page 3. Reprinted from MedlinePlus Genetics (medlineplus.gov/genetics Gene = segment of. DNA that tells the cell how to make a certain protein. Allele = one of two or more different versions of a gene