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The wavelength of the incident light has to be on the same order as the spacing of the atoms. •W.H. and W.L. Bragg determined crystal structures of NaCl, KCl, X-ray diffraction (XRD) is one of the most important non-destructive tools to analyse all kinds of matter - ranging from fluids, to powders and crystals. Hence, X-rays can be used for the study of crystal structures. ? Neutrons and Electrons are also Databases such as the Powder Diffraction File (PDF). Crystal Structure Analysis. X-ray Diffraction. Electron Diffraction. Neutron Diffraction. Essence of diffraction: Bragg Diffraction. Reading: West 5. idea of employing a crystal as a ' space diffraction grating-. ' for X-rays. The successful realisation of the idea by Messrs. Friedrich and Knipping has.The crystal structure describes the atomic arrangement of a material. • When the atoms are arranged differently, a different diffraction pattern is produced (ie Although Bragg's law was used to explain the interference pattern of X-rays scattered by crystals, diffraction has been developed to study the structure of all