How does muxing work

An analog multiplexer is a device that makes it possible to commute n analog channels into a single analog output channel. This commutation is controlled by a digital signal that encodes the input channel to be selected. An analog multiplexer may be single-ended or handle differential inputs. In a single-ended multiplexer, the device is set up to commute individual analog channels, whereas a differential multiplexer may be used for differential signals.

International D Intrinsically Safe Multiplexing System is available for digital or temperature field applications. Website EN IT. Definition A multiplexer is a system of multiple inputs and just one output to receive signals coming from multiple acquisition networks.

Types There are multiplexers for both digital and analog signals. Subscribe to Email Updates. The TDM is one kind of method for transmitting a signal over a channel of particular communication by separating the time edge into slots. Like single slot is used for each message signal. TDM is mainly useful for analog and digital signals, in which several channels with low speed are multiplexed into high-speed channels used for transmission.

Depending on the time, every low-speed channel will be assigned to an exact position, wherever it works in the mode of synchronization. The synchronous TDM is very useful in both analogs as well as digital signals. In this type of TDM, the connection of input is allied to a frame. For example, if there are n-connections in the frame, then a frame will be separated into n-time slots, and for every unit, each slot is assigned to every input line.

In this type of TDM, the multiplexer assigns a similar slot for each device at every time. If the device has nothing for transmitting, then the time slot is assigned to a new device. Once the switch releases at the surface of the multiplexer ahead of a connection, then it has a chance of sending a unit into the lane. Similarly, once the switch releases at the surface of the de-multiplexer ahead of a connection a chance to receiving a unit from the lane.

This procedure is named interleaving. The statistical TDM is applicable to transmit different types of data simultaneously across a single cable. The transmission of data can be done from the input devices which are connected to networks like computers, fax machines, printers, etc.

The statistical TDM can be used in the settings of telephone switchboards to control the calls. This type of technique is comparable to dynamic bandwidth distribution, and a communication channel is separated into a random data stream number.

The term CDM stands for code division multiplexing. It is one kind of technology that works with spread spectrum communication. In this type of communication, a narrowband signal can be transmitted through division across several channels or over a larger frequency band. It does not compress the bandwidths of frequencies otherwise digital signals. It is less liable to intrusion, so providing enhanced data communication capacity as well as a more safe private line.

Once code division multiplexing is used to permit several signals from different users to transmit a communication channel commonly, then this technology is known as CDMA or Code Division Multiple Access. OFDM-based early systems found the processing which is necessary for the signal format fairly high, however with progress in technology, this kind of technique presents few issues in terms of the required process.

A 4-to-1 multiplexer contains four input signals and 2-to-1 multiplexer has two input signals and one output signal. Multiplexers are also extended with same name conventions as DE multiplexers. A 4 to 1 multiplexer circuit is as below. The technique of transmitting multiple signals over a single medium is defined as Multiplexing. It is a technique showed at physical layer of OSI model. Frequency Division Multiplexing is a technique which uses various frequencies to combine many streams of data for sending signals over a medium for communication purpose.

It carries frequency to each data stream and later combines various modulated frequencies to transmission. In this type of multiplexing, signals are generated by sending different device-modulated carrier frequencies, and these modulated signals are then combined into a single signal that can be transported by the link.

To accommodate the modulated signal, the carrier frequencies are separated with enough bandwidth, and these bandwidth ranges are the channels through which different signals travel. These channels can be separated by unused bandwidth. Some of the examples for the time division multiplexing include radio and television signal transmission. Wavelength Division Multiplexing WDM is analog multiplexing technique and it modulates many data streams on light spectrum.

This multiplexing is used in optical fiber. It is FDM optical equivalent. Various signals in WDM are optical signal that will be light and were transmitted through optical fiber. WDM similar to FDM as it mixes many signals of different frequencies into single signal and transfer on one link. Wavelength of wave is reciprocal to its frequency, if wavelength increase then frequency decreases.

Several light waves from many sources are united to get light signal which will be transmitted across channel to receiver.

The main principle in using prisms is that they bend a light beam depending on angle of incidence and frequency of light wave or ray. At receiver end the light signal is split into different light waves by demux. This type of merging and breaking of light wave made by a prism. Single prism is used at the end of sender for multiplexing and other prism is used at receiver end for demultiplexing as shown in fig.