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Plutchik suggested that other emotions are variations of these eight and that emotions can complexly combine and can vary in intensity and persistence. The theory suggests that the experiencing of one emotion of a pair prompts the onset of the other emotion the opponent process as well, which eventually reduces the intensity of the first emotion and finally cancels it out.

For example, although a rock climber may be terrified an unpleasant emotion in several climbs of a steep cliff, eventually, the thrill of safely reaching the top a pleasant emotion will cancel out that early fear. Some psychologists use this theory to explain drug addiction. The pleasure associated with taking an addictive drug is said to decrease over time because an opponent process is operating to reduce the pleasure.

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Fear and the Forms of Anxiety. Shame and Shyness. Guilt, Conscience, and Morality. Back Matter Pages About this book Introduction In recent years-especially the past decade, in sharp contrast to preceding decades-knowledge in the field of emotions has been steadily increasing.

This knowledge comes from many different specialties: Emotion is a truly interdisciplinary subject.