Which event signaled the end of reconstruction

The election of Rutheford Hayes. Explanation: After Hayes' election, the Reconstruction ended since the latter put an end to the military occupation of the South.

Related questions What were said to be the provisions of the Compromise of ? When the frontier closed what effect did this have on American society? Republicans and Democrats responded to the economic declines by shifting attention from Reconstruction to economic recovery.

War weary from nearly a decade of bloody military and political strife, so-called Stalwart Republicans turned from idealism, focusing their efforts on economics and party politics. They grew to particular influence during Ulysses S. After the death of Thaddeus Stevens in and the political alienation of Charles Sumner by , Stalwart Republicans assumed primacy in Republican Party politics, putting Reconstruction on the defensive within the very party leading it.

Meanwhile, New Departure Democrats gained strength by distancing themselves from pro-slavery Democrats and Copperheads. They focused on business, economics, political corruption, and trade, instead of Reconstruction. In the South, New Departure Democrats were called Redeemers, and were initially opposed by southerners who clung tightly to white supremacy and the Confederacy.

But between and , their home rule platform, asserting that good government was run by locals—meaning white Democrats, rather than black or white Republicans—helped end Reconstruction in three important states: Tennessee, Virginia, and Georgia.

In September , Jay Cooke and Company declared bankruptcy, resulting in a bank run that spiraled into a six-year depression. In the South, many farms were capitalized entirely through loans. After , most sources of credit vanished, forcing many landowners to default, driving them into an over-saturated labor market. August 5, - Battle of Mobile Bay. Farragut's ships defeated the Confederate ships and bypassed the forts, capturing the important southern port.

Union attempts to capture this important railroad into Petersburg were stopped by Confederate counterattacks. Despite southern efforts, the Union remained in firm possession of their gains and the railroad. A surprise Confederate counterattack briefly stopped Union destruction of the Weldon Railroad near Ream's Station, though failed to release the Union grip on this important supply line into Petersburg. August September 1, - Battle of Jonesborough, Georgia. The final southern counterattack against Union troops outside the city of Atlanta fails.

September 1, - Fall of Atlanta, Georgia. Confederate troops under General Hood evacuate the city of Atlanta. General Sherman's army occupies the city and its defenses the following day. September 19, - Third Battle of Winchester, Virginia. Union forces under General Philip Sheridan attacked the Confederate army under Jubal Early near the city of Winchester and drove them southward, up the Shenandoah Valley. September 22, - Battle of Fisher's Hill, Virginia.

Union officers and officials in Washington believe this to be the final battle in the Shenandoah Valley. In a sweeping assault, the Confederate stronghold known as Fort Harrison falls to the Army of the James. Confederate efforts to retake the fort fail. In an early morning surprise attack, Jubal Early's Confederates successfully attack and drive troops of the Army of the Shenandoah from their camps on the banks of Cedar Creek south of Middletown, Virginia.

Hearing the fight from his headquarters at Winchester, General Philip Sheridan rides southward, rallying dispirited troops who return to the battlefield. By day's end, Early's forces are put to flight. Despite several attempts to disrupt the Union advance in the coming weeks, the battle for control of the Shenandoah Valley is over. November 8, - Abraham Lincoln is reelected president of the United States. November 30, Battle of Franklin, Tennessee.

After a month of raiding Sherman's supply lines and attacking Union outposts, John Bell Hood's army confronts Union troops from General John Schofield's command, who they had encountered the day before near Spring Hill, Tennessee. A massive frontal assault on the well entrenched Federal line meets with disaster. Despite some taking of outside works and defenses, the toll for Hood's forces is too heavy including the loss of six of his generals.

Union troops retreat in the direction of Nashville. At Savannah, his troops will take Fort McAllister and force Confederate defenders to evacuate the city.

December , - The Battle of Nashville, Tennessee. Union occupation of this fort at the mouth of the Cape Fear River closes access to Wilmington, the last southern seaport on the east coast that was open to blockade runners and commercial shipping.

February 1, - Sherman's Army leaves Savannah to march through the Carolinas. February 22, - Wilmington, NC, falls to Union troops, closing the last important southern port on the east coast.

On this same day, Joseph E. Johnston is restored to command the nearly shattered Army of the Tennessee, vice John B. Hood who resigned a month earlier. Sherman's army is stalled in its drive northward from Fayetteville but succeeds in passing around the Confederate forces toward its object of Raleigh.

Gordon attack and briefly capture the Union fort in the Petersburg siege lines in an attempt to thwart Union plans for a late March assault. By day's end, the southerners have been thrown out and the lines remain unchanged.

April 2, - The Fall of Petersburg and Richmond. General Lee abandons both cities and moves his army west in hopes of joining Confederate forces under General Johnston in North Carolina.

April 3, - Union troops occupy Richmond and Petersburg, Virginia. A portion of Lee's Army- almost one-third of it- is cornered along the banks of Sailor's or "Saylor's" Creek and annihilated.

After an early morning attempt to break through Union forces blocking the route west to Danville, Virginia, Lee seeks an audience with General Grant to discuss terms. That afternoon in the parlor of Wilmer McLean, Lee signs the document of surrender. On April 12, the Army of Northern Virginia formally surrenders and is disbanded.

April 26, - General Joseph Johnston signs the surrender document for the Confederate Army of the Tennessee and miscellaneous southern troops attached to his command at Bennett's Place near Durham, North Carolina. It is a Confederate victory. The Civil War officially ends. Explore This Park. Gettysburg National Military Park Pennsylvania.

Info Alerts Maps Calendar Reserve. Alerts In Effect Dismiss. Dismiss View all alerts. Civil War Timeline. Lee surrendered to Union Army general Ulysses S. Grant, for all practical purposes ending four years of war. No independent government of any form has ever been successful in their hands. On the contrary, wherever they have been left to their own devices they have shown a constant tendency to relapse into barbarism.

Over the course of about two weeks, White men in Opelousas, a city in St. Landry Parish, Louisiana, killed around people, mostly Black Americans. The goal was to suppress turnout among Black voters and anyone who supported Reconstruction efforts — earlier that year, Louisiana voters had ratified a state constitution that enfranchised Black men. But states could still impose voter qualifications. And in time, many former Confederate states did exactly that. Shortly before Grant left office, an Electoral Commission was created to settle the disputed presidential election between Republican Rutherford B.

Hayes and Democrat Samuel J. Democrats agreed to give Hayes the presidency on the understanding that the federal government would remove its troops from the former Confederate states. This compromise — or as some historians have it, betrayal — marked the end of Reconstruction.

Vardaman, who would go on to become governor and a US Senator, saw no need to hide his disdain for Black Americans. In Wilmington, North Carolina, a White mob ejected a legitimately elected biracial government and installed White supremacists.

As many as 60 people were killed.