Pediatric neurosurgery rapidshare

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In the absence of an open fontanelle, or if there are other signs and symptoms of acute raised intracranial pressure vomiting, headache, irritability, drowsiness, full fontanelle, sun setting eyes , the etiology should be diagnosed with MRI, if available, in order to limit radiation exposure. New ultra-low dose CT technology is emerging that may reduce the radiation exposure down to the level of a skull x-ray.

This is an acceptable alternative to MRI or ultrasound. Chen JX, et al. Risk of malignancy associated with head and neck CT in children: a systematic review. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. PMID: Mathews JD, et al. Cancer risk in , people exposed to computed tomography scans in childhood or adolescence: data linkage study of 11 million Australians.

Miglioretti DL, et al. The use of computed tomography in pediatrics and the associated radiation exposure and estimated cancer risk. JAMA Pediatr. Pearce MS, et al. Radiation exposure from CT scans in childhood and subsequent risk of leukaemia and brain tumours: a retrospective cohort study. Tucker J, et al. Macrocephaly in infancy: benign enlargement of the subarachnoid spaces and subdural collections.

J Neurosurg Pediatr. They are not associated with any increased risk of occult spinal dysraphism e. There is therefore no need to investigate infants with this finding, with either ultrasound or MRI.

The ideal choice for initial investigation ultrasound or MRI would depend on the specific cutaneous findings and clinical symptoms present. Albert GW. Spine ultrasounds should not be routinely performed for patients with simple sacral dimples.

Acta Paediatr. Kucera JN, et al. The simple sacral dimple: diagnostic yield of ultrasound in neonates. Pediatr Radiol. His awards include twice receiving the "Outstanding Teaching Abilities in Pediatrics from the Department of Pediatrics. Definitions Arnold Chiari Deformity - Also known as chiari malformations CMs , these structural defects are in the cerebellum, the part of the brain that controls balance. CMs may develop when the bony space is smaller than normal, causing the cerebellum and brain stem to be pushed down toward the upper spinal canal.

The resulting pressure on the cerebellum and brain stem may block the flow of cerebrospinal fluid—the clear liquid that surrounds and cushions the brain and spinal cord—to and from the brain, and affect functioning. Craniosynostosis - A birth defect in which the bones of the skull close prematurely, limiting or distorting the skull's growth. It is characterized in infancy by an abnormal but characteristic head shape. Hydrocephalus - A disorder in which too much cerebrospinal fluid, usually under high pressure, accumulates in the cavities of the brain.

This can be caused by a birth defect, brain tumor, infection, hemorrhage, or brain injury. Hydrocephalus is also commonly referred to as water on the brain. Pediatric Brain Tumors - Symptoms and signs occur due to pressure on neural structures, with resultant irritation or destruction.

Pediatric Degenerative Disc - This condition is characterized by damage to the invertebral discs, the gel-like cushions that separate each segment of the backbone or spine.

Pediatric Herniated Disc - A break in the cartilage surrounding a disc in the spine, causing pressure on spinal nerves that produce pain down the arms or legs.

Usually preceded by an episode of neck or low back pain or a long history of intermittent neck or back pain. Spinal Cord Injuries - Commonly referred to as a "broken" neck or back, spinal cord injuries can lead to paralysis and loss of motor function. Correction of defects associated with spinal cord injury can improve neurologic function. Our specialists treat the full spectrum of pediatric neurological disorders, including:. Our care team specializes in working with children and has developed treatments that are appropriate and safe for young patients.

We are also careful to prevent hydrocephalus after surgery as well as to treat children who come in with that condition. In addition to advanced treatment options, our pediatric neurosurgery program collaborates with the neurosciences program, which conducts laboratory research to develop new therapies for children.