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Review the required errata level for your distribution. If the errata level is previous to the required minimum errata update, then obtain and install the latest kernel update from your Linux distributor.

To determine whether the required packages are installed, enter commands similar to the following:. Alternatively, if you require specific system architecture information, then enter the following command:. You can also combine a query for multiple packages, and review the output for the correct versions. If a package is not installed, then install it from your Linux distribution media or download the required package version from your Linux distributor's website.

Without cvuqdisk , the Cluster Verification Utility cannot find shared disks, and you receive a "Package cvuqdisk not installed" error when you run the Cluster Verification Utility. Locate the cvuqdisk RPM package, which is in the directory rpm on the Oracle Database installation media.

Use the following command to find if you have an existing version of the cvuqdisk package:. If you have an existing version, then enter the following command to deinstall the existing version:. In the directory where you have saved the cvuqdisk RPM, use the following command to install the cvuqdisk package:. If necessary, change the mount settings. Typically, the computer on which you want to install Oracle Database is connected to a network.

Use the ping command to ensure that your computer host name is resolvable. Transparent HugePages can cause memory allocation delays at runtime. Oracle recommends that you instead use standard HugePages for enhanced performance. Transparent HugePages memory differs from standard HugePages memory because the kernel khugepaged thread allocates memory dynamically during runtime.

Standard HugePages memory is pre-allocated at startup, and does not change during runtime. To check if Transparent HugePages is enabled run one of the following commands as the root user:. The following is a sample output that shows Transparent HugePages is being used as the [always] flag is enabled. The grub file name may vary for Oracle Linux 7 and later operating systems. Check your operating system documentation for the correct file name and the steps to disable Transparent HugePages.

For example, on Oracle Linux 7. Because installation owner names are used by default for some paths, this ASCII character restriction applies to user names, file names, and directory names. This includes user names, file names, and directory names. At the time of this release, the use of other characters for an Oracle Grid Infrastructure home or Oracle Database home is not supported. The set of characters provided is further restricted by user and file naming rules of the operating system.

The Oracle base directory is a top-level directory for Oracle software installations. The Optimal Flexible Architecture OFA guidelines recommend that you use a path similar to the following for the Oracle base directory:.

You can use the same Oracle base directory for multiple installations or you can create separate Oracle base directories for different installations. If different operating system users install Oracle software on the same system, then each user must create a separate Oracle base directory. The following are examples of Oracle base directories that can exist on the same system:. The Oracle Inventory directory oraInventory stores an inventory of all software installed on the system.

It is required and shared by all Oracle software installations on a single system. The user running the installation has permissions to write to that path.

Oracle Universal Installer creates the directory that you specify and sets the correct owner, group, and permissions for it. You do not have to create it. All Oracle software installations rely on the Oracle Inventory directory. Ensure that you back it up regularly. Do not delete this directory unless you have completely removed all Oracle software from the system. By default, the Oracle Inventory directory is not installed under the Oracle Base directory.

This is because all Oracle software installations share a common Oracle Inventory, so there is only one Oracle Inventory for all users.

Whereas, there is a separate Oracle Base for each user. The Oracle home directory is the directory where you install the software for a particular Oracle product. You must install different Oracle products or different releases of the same Oracle product in separate Oracle home directories.

When you run Oracle Universal Installer, it prompts you to specify the path to this directory and a name that identifies it. In accordance with the OFA guidelines, Oracle strongly recommends that the Oracle home directory you specify is a subdirectory of the Oracle base directory for the user account performing the installation.

Oracle recommends that you specify a path similar to the following for the Oracle home directory:. Oracle Universal Installer creates the directory path that you specify under the Oracle base directory. It also sets the correct owner, group, and permissions on it. You do not have to create this directory.

Before starting the installation, you must either identify an existing Oracle base directory or, if required, create one. This section contains information about the following topics:. However, if you identify an existing Oracle Inventory directory or existing Oracle home directories, then you can usually identify the Oracle base directories, as follows:.

Identifying an existing Oracle Inventory directory. Enter the following command to display the contents of the oratab file:. If the oratab file exists, then it contains configuration information similar to the following:.

The directory paths specified on each line identify Oracle home directories. Directory paths that end with the user name of the Oracle software owner to use are valid choices for an Oracle base directory. If you intend to use the oracle user to install the software, then you can choose one of the following directories listed in the previous example:. After you locate the Oracle home directory, run a similar command to confirm the location of Oracle base:.

Before deciding to use an existing Oracle base directory for this installation, ensure that it meets the following conditions:. To determine the free disk space on the file system where the Oracle base directory is located, enter the following command:. If an Oracle base directory does not exist on the system or to create an Oracle base directory, see "Creating the Oracle Base and Oracle Inventory Directories".

Before you create an Oracle base directory, you must identify an appropriate file system with sufficient free disk space. To identify an appropriate file system, perform the following:. The file system that you identify can be a local file system, a cluster file system, or an NFS file system on a certified NAS device. To create the Oracle base directory and specify the correct owner, group, and permissions for it, perform the following:.

Enter commands similar to the following to create the recommended subdirectories in the mount point directory that you identified and set the appropriate owner, group, and permissions on them:. Oracle Database files include data files, control files, redo log files, the server parameter file, and the password file. For all installations, you must choose the storage option to use for Oracle Database files.

During the database installation, you must choose the storage option to use for recovery files the fast recovery area. You do not have to use the same storage option for each file type.

See "Database Storage Options" for more information about these storage options. For information on how to configure disk storage before you start the installation, see one of the following sections depending on your choice:.

To use a file system for database or recovery file storage, see the "Creating Directories for Oracle Database or Recovery Files" section. To identify existing disk groups and determine the free disk space that they contain, see the "Using an Existing Oracle Automatic Storage Management Disk Group" section.

This section contains the following topics:. If you choose to place the Oracle Database files on a file system, then use the following guidelines when deciding where to place them:. How you will troubleshoot if concurrent request is taking long time? If you are applying a patch. It was started successfully. What is difference between shared appltop and staged appltop? Where and how you update workflow notification mailer configuration setting? This depends on which workflow mailer you are running C Mailer or Java Mailer If you want to change Concurrent Manager log and out file location , Is it possible?

If Yes, How? If No, why not? What are conflict resolution managers in CM? What are interoperability patches? Why you need to run it? What is cost based optimizer? What all things you will check after cloning and before handing over instance to end users? If users complain that reports are not running, what you will do to troubleshoot? What is Rep toolkit error? Did you ever encounter this? Apps expect some questions on that setup? All users complaining forms running very slow tell me steps to find out bottleneck If one user complaning my forms is runing very slow tell troubleshooting steps.

If all concurrent request running very slow tell me troubleshooting steps. EL6 readline. Display existing files in stage TechPatches. Press enter to continue… Build Stage Menu —————————————————— Create new stage area Copy new patches to current stage area.

How to Connect from SYS schema to normal schema without password in oracle 11g Summary :- As a DBA you may need to log in as another user, for example to test an application after doing some workarounds to solve a problem. If the required information is not found in the local buffer cache then a message is sent requesting the shared lock.

Thus an instance requests a shared lock on a block held by another instance. The DLM informs the holding instance to downgrade the lock.

The holding instance sends a copy of the requested block directly to the requesting instance. The instance informs the DLM that it has sent the CR copy of the block in response to the downgrade request and thereby cancels the downgrade request.

The holding instance continues to hold the locks. The following shows how this process works: Node requests an exclusive lock for the block it wants to write to from the lock manager. The lock manager maintains the list of who owns which blocks. This list is used to determine if another node holds the requested block.

The lock request is granted if no other node has it locked. The other node will: Send the block over interconnect and write out its redo records to maintain block integrity. Release the lock and grant the request which allows the requesting node to read the block from disk. The second represents a role. There are two roles: Local L : The blocks associated with the resource can be manipulated without further reference to GCS or other instances.

For example, when a resource is acquired for the first time, it is acquired with a local role. Global G : The blocks covered by the resource might not be usable without further information from the GCS or other nodes. For example, if the resource is acquired and it already has dirty buffers on a remote instance, then it takes on a global resource role. If the resource is in exclusive mode and has a local role, then the following rules apply: Only one instance can have the resource in exclusive mode.

All unwritten changes must be in local cache. At checkpoint, instances can write changed blocks to disk without confirmation from GCS. If the resource is in exclusive mode and has a global role, then the following rules apply: The associated block can be modified in the current cache.

The status of the associated block on disk is unknown it might or might not be current. The associated block can be served to another instance. The associated block cannot be written without GCS approval. SG0 Shared global 0 Instance owns current block image and the resource can be shared with the other nodes, there is no past image. Can write current image. XG0 Exclusive global 0 Instance owns current block image for modification. NG1 Null global 1 Instance owns past block image.

Can write PI image. SG1 Shared global 1 Instance owns past block image and the resource can be shared with the other nodes.

Can write current and PI images. XG1 Exclusive global 1 Instance owns past block image for modification. Writing Block and Recovery Considerations For recovery purposes, instances that have past images will keep these past images in their buffer cache until notified by the master instance of the resource to release them.

Checkpoints are more involved on RAC instances and generate more work. The node with the most current PI will write dirty blocks to disk. Resources are updated accordingly global resources are changed to local, etc. The Global Resource Directory is modified to reflect the resource changes. Step 1: Instance C requests resource from resource master on instance D.

Step 3: Instance C initiates IO request to the disk. Step 4: Block gets delivered to instance C. It indicates that resource was granted to instance C with SL0 mode. The GCS requests shared resource and block transfer to instance B. Step 3: Instance C ships the copy of the block to instance B via fast interconnect. Step 4: Instance B receives the block image along with the SL0 resource.

Instance B sends a message to the GCS to notify about newly acquired resource. Step 1: Instance A requests resource from resource master on instance D. It indicates that resource was granted to instances C and B with SL0 mode. At the same time, it requests instances B and C to close their shared resource on the block. Step 3: Instance C ships the copy of the block to instance A via fast interconnect. Both instances B and C release the resource.

Step 4: Block gets delivered to instance A. Instance A can now modify the block. The block SCN becomes It indicates that resource was granted to instance A with XL0 mode.

The request message may be queued until the GCS can process the request. Step 3: Instance A completes its work on the block, logging all the changes and forcing a log flush if this has not occurred, converting its resource to NG1, and shipping the copy of the block image with SCN to instance C.

After receiving the image, instance C sends an acknowledgment message notifying the GCS that instance C has the resource with an XG0 status, and that instance A, the previous holder of the exclusive resource, now holds a PI version at SCN To make its own changes to the block, instance C acquires new SCN Step 1: Instance B requests shared resource from resource master on instance D.

It indicates that the resource was granted to instance C with XG0 mode. Again, the request message may be queued until the GCS can process the request. Step 3: As in previous scenarios, instance C completes its work on the block, logging all the changes and forcing a log flush if this has not already occurred, and downgrading its resource to SG1 ships the copy of the block image with SCN to instance B. The copy of the block will be a read consistent version of the block with SCN Step 4: Block gets delivered to instance B.

After receiving the image, instance B sends an acknowledgment message notifying the GCS that instance B has the resource with SG0 status, and instance C, the previous holder of the exclusive resource, now holds a PI version of a block with SCN for a shared access.

Scenario 6: Writing Dirty Buffer This instance configuration is similar to the one we discussed in Scenario 4. Step 2: The GCS selects the node to perform the actual write: either the current node or the node holding the most recently granted resource.

In this scenario, it is instance C that holds the latest PI of the block. Instance D sends a write request message to instance C. Step 3: Instance C writes the block to a disk. Step 4: Having received the write completion notification, instance C logs the completion and the version written with a BWR and advances its checkpoint, but does not force a log write.

It also requests from instance C to change resource role to local all past images of the block no longer exist. Cache Fusion for High Availability To minimize downtime caused by an instance failure, cluster-aware code is included in the Oracle database software.

The following features specific to RAC make recovery faster and provide higher levels of availability: Faster detection and reconfiguration Dynamic resource remastering Instance Failure Detection In Oracle8i databases and earlier, any kind of shutdown caused the loss of DLM master resource information residing in the departing instance. Instance Leaving a Cluster Resources are hashed into a constant number of buckets. Automatic Resource Remastering RAC automatically determines whether a tablespace is being accessed by only one instance.

The sequence of events with RAC recovery is listed below: Node fails Failure detected; failed instance clients migrated and all database clients suspended Cluster gets reconfigured; instance recovery began rolling forward and back GRD is placed in a freeze state. Enqueue reconfiguration Resource reconfiguration Pass 1 recovery is complete GRD is unfrozen and system is partially made available Pass 2 recovery begins Recovery data gets identified Full database access resumed Roll forward complete Roll back complete Cache fusion recovery relies on two aspects in the recovery processing: SMON, not foreground processes, performs all instance recovery.

There is a two-pass log-read scheme. Recovery from Multiple-Instance Failures In case multiple instances fail or crash, the redo information from the failed instances is merged prior to recovery.

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You should use this for CentOS updates unless you are manually picking other mirrors. Re-ran the same and the output came as expected. I was also facing the same problem on RHEL 7. Santosh Garole Santosh Garole 5 5 silver badges 17 17 bronze badges. Sign up or log in Sign up using Google. Sign up using Facebook. Sign up using Email and Password. Post as a guest Name.