トミーK
① 過去問と出題パターンの整理
【共通点】
必ず語数指定（40語 or 60語）
テーマは毎回バラバラ
しかし「聞いていること」はほぼ固定
【よく出る設問タイプ】
① 定義説明型（What is ～?）
例：
What is "smartphone addiction"?
What does "level playing field" mean?
② 理由説明型（Why / Based on your own ideas）
例：
Why food loss might happen
Why people should / should not use social media
③ 意見＋理由型（What do you think?）
例：
School uniforms: for or against
Underlined sentence についてどう思うか
👉 結論
👉「定義 → 説明」「意見 → 理由1〜2個」
👉 この2パターンしか出ていない
② 頻出表現まとめ（単語・語法）
【超頻出フレーズ】
I think that 〜
In my opinion, 〜
One reason is that 〜
Another reason is that 〜
For example, 〜
This is because 〜
As a result, 〜
It helps people (to) 〜
【安全で万能な動詞】
reduce / increase
cause / lead to
focus on
depend on
be likely to 〜
【減点されにくい表現】
people → people in general
good / bad → beneficial / harmful
many → many people / a lot of people
４０語テンプレート
使う場面
What is ～?
Explain ～.
What does ～ mean?
テンプレ↓
～ is a situation in which people + 動詞.
It means that + 文.
For example, + 具体例.
This often leads to + 結果.
参考例文
Smartphone addiction is a situation in which people overuse their smartphones.
It means that they cannot control their usage.
For example, they keep checking their phones all the time.
This often leads to mental and physical problems.
６０語テンプレート
使う場面
What do you think about ～?
Are you for or against ～?
Do you agree or disagree?
テンプレ↓
I think that ～.
One reason is that + 理由①.
Another reason is that + 理由②.
For example, + 具体例.
Therefore, I believe that ～.
参考例文
I think that school uniforms are necessary.
One reason is that they reduce economic differences among students.
Another reason is that students can focus more on their studies.
For example, I did not worry about clothes at school.
Therefore, I believe that school uniforms are beneficial.
【40語 英作文】例題＋模範解答（5題）
① 例題（定義）
What is smartphone addiction?
（約40語）
模範解答
Smartphone addiction is a situation in which people use their smartphones too much. It means that they cannot control their usage. For example, they feel anxious without their phones. This often leads to mental problems.
② 例題（理由）
Choose one type of food loss and explain why it happens.
（約40語）
模範解答
One type of food loss happens during transportation. This is because food is not handled properly. For example, fruits are damaged by heat or shock. As a result, large amounts of food are thrown away.
③ 例題（定義）
What does “level playing field” mean?
（約40語）
模範解答
Level playing field means a situation in which all students are treated equally. It means that everyone has the same opportunities. For example, school uniforms reduce differences in clothing. This helps students focus on studying.
④ 例題（説明）
Explain “inward-oriented tendency” among young people.
（約40語）
模範解答
Inward-oriented tendency means preferring a familiar lifestyle and avoiding new challenges. Many young people hesitate to meet new people. For example, they stay within small social circles. This reduces opportunities to gain new experiences.
⑤ 例題（理由）
Why do people rely on social media for news?
（約40語）
模範解答
People rely on social media for news because it is convenient. They can get information quickly and easily. For example, news appears automatically on their phones. As a result, many people use social media as a news source.
【60語 英作文】例題＋模範解答（5題）
① 例題（意見）
Do you think people should use social media as a news source?
（約60語）
模範解答
I do not think people should use social media as a news source. One reason is that false information spreads easily. Another reason is that people only see opinions they agree with. For example, social media often creates echo chambers. Therefore, people should use reliable news sources.
② 例題（提案）
What can people do to reduce food waste?
（約60語）
模範解答
I think people can reduce food waste by planning meals carefully. One reason is that buying only necessary food prevents waste. Another reason is that leftovers can be reused. For example, leftover vegetables can be cooked into soup. Therefore, small actions can reduce food waste.
③ 例題（意見）
Are you for or against school uniforms?
（約60語）
模範解答
I am in favor of school uniforms. One reason is that they reduce economic differences among students. Another reason is that students can focus on studying. For example, I did not worry about fashion at school. Therefore, school uniforms create a better learning environment.
④ 例題（意見）
What do you think about the inward-oriented tendency among Japanese youth?
（約60語）
模範解答
I think inward-oriented tendency is a serious problem. One reason is that it limits personal growth. Another reason is that it reduces international understanding. For example, fewer young people try studying abroad. Therefore, education should encourage students to challenge new experiences.
⑤ 例題（説明）
What did the researchers find about smartphone addiction?
（約60語）
模範解答
I think the researchers found that smartphone addiction causes various problems. One reason is that it leads to mental stress. Another reason is that it causes physical problems. For example, addicted people often suffer from neck pain. Therefore, controlling smartphone use is important.
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