ハイパフォーマンスポリマー ペクトン PEKK と PEEK について
PEKK 樹脂 Arkema での生産量拡大
2015-04-15
熱可塑性樹脂の中でもずば抜けた物理特性、機械特性を有するスーパーエンプラの一つである、PEKK (Poly Ether Ketone Ketone)。
FRP や 3D プリンタ の需要拡大に備えて Arkema がフランスとアメリカで生産量を拡大するとのことです。
PEKK Thermoplastic Polymer
DESCRIPTION
Cytec Engineered Materials PEKK composites consist of a matrix of poly(ether-ketone-ketone) polymer with aligned, continuous unidirectional fiber reinforcement. Typical fiber contents are 50 – 60% by volume. The tapes and ribbons are fully impregnated with a tailored fiber-matrix interface for optimal performance. Cytec also supplies custom laminates made from the tapes.
The polymer is semi-crystalline with a Tg of 318°F (159°C).* The composites have good structural performance at temperatures in excess of 250°F (121°C). PEKK composites can be used in lightly loaded applications at temperatures up to 400°F (204°C) due to the semi-crystalline nature of the polymer.
PEKK composites possess outstanding flame, smoke and toxicity performance. They also have high toughness and damage tolerance. Laminates and parts can be fabricated from PEKK using a wide range of techniques including autoclave and press molding. Prepregs are offered in various grades of PEKK polymer optimized for select manufacturing methods. Information is available upon request for additional grades of PEKK to use in injection molding, sheet, film or fabric composites.
FEATURES & BENEFITS
• Semi-crystalline, thermoplastic matrix
• Fully impregnated, unidirectional tape, ribbon and slit tape Tg of 318°F (159°C)*
• Service temperature of 257°F (125°C) for structural applications; up to 400°F (204°C) in certain applications • Structural properties
• High toughness and damage tolerance
• Manufacture parts using affordable non-autoclave processes
• Outstanding FST1 and OSU2 heat release properties
• Good resistance to a wide range of fluid environments
• Low moisture uptake, < 0.3 wt%3
• Indefinite shelf life at room temperature
• Recyclable
SUGGESTED APPLICATIONS
Typical applications for Cytec Engineered Materials PEKK prepregs include aircraft structure, space components and other transportation and structural engineering components
NOTE: Tg data is not applicable for U.S. export control classification or licensing. For export-related information please contact us.
1 Flame, smoke and toxicity
2 Ohio State University
3 Equilibrium, 85% RH, 160°F (71°C)
CHARACTERISTICS
Table 1 | Availability
Nominal properties. Resin content may be modified to different specifications. Contact Cytec Technical Services for additional information.
Table 2 | Physical Properties
Table 3 | Neat Resin Properties
Form
Fiber
Resin Content wt%
Fiber Areal Weight g/m2
Weave Style
Cured Ply Thickness inch
Carbon Tape
AS4D 12K
34
145
-
0.0055
Property
Room Temperature
Shelf Life
Indefinite at 72°F (22°C)
Shop Life
Indefinite at 72°F (22°C)
Property
Room Temperature
Density1
1.310 g/cm3 (% crystalline = 30%) 1.278 g/cm3 (% crystalline = 0%)
Tg dry *
318°F (159°C)
Tg wet *
275°F (135°C)
Tm (melt point)
639°F (337°C)
Tensile Properties (RT)2
Strength Modulus Elongation
14.8 ksi (102 MPa) 0.65 Msi (4.5 GPa) 4%
Thermal Properties: Heat of Fusion
With 100% Crystalline After Cooling at 20°C/min
130 J/g 38.8 J/g
Flammability Properties
Heat Release Rate (OSU, Peak/Total) Flammability Rating, UL-94
Limiting Oxygen Index
<65 kW/m2/<65 kW-min/m2 V-0
40
1 Test method: ASTM D792 2 Test method: ASTM D1708
* NOTE: Tg data is not applicable for U.S. export control classification or licensing. F
F
For export-related information please contact us.
F
PROPERTIES
Table 4 | Composite Mechanical Properties: High strength [>650 ksi (4450 MPa) standard modulus [33 Msi (228 GPa) class] carbon fiber reinforced unidirectional tape
Properties
Test Temperature
-67°F (-55°C)
75°F (24°C)
250°F (121°C)
250°F (121°C) wet
0° Tensile Properties
Strength, ksi (MPa) Modulus, Msi (GPa)
372 (2561) 20.4 (141)
357 (2463) 20.1 (139)
- -
- -
90° Tensile Properties
Strength, ksi (MPa) Modulus, Msi (GPa)
- -
8.9 (61) 1.5 (10.3)
- -
6.8 (47) 1.2 (8.2)
0° Compressive Properties
Strength, ksi (MPa) Modulus, Msi (GPa)
- -
217 (1493) 18.4 (127)
187 (1288) 18.5 (128)
163 (1125) 18.9 (130)
90° Compressive Properties
Strength, ksi (MPa)
-
36.8 (254)
27.6 (190)
26.1 (180)
0° Flexural Properties
Strength, ksi (MPa) Modulus, Msi (GPa)
- -
248 (1707) 18.4 (127)
200 (1376) 18.3 (126)
- -
In-plane Shear Properties
0.2% Offset Shear Stress, ksi (MPa) Modulus, Msi (GPa)
- -
7.6 (52.4) 0.76 (5.2)
5.0 (34.5) 0.56 (3.8)
3.6 (24.8) 0.40 (2.8)
Open Hole Tension
Strength, ksi (MPa) Modulus, Msi (GPa)
68 (466) 8.1 (55.8)
66 (452) 7.8 (54.8)
- -
- -
Open Hole Compression
Strength, ksi (MPa) Modulus, Msi (GPa)
- -
48 (332) 7.6 (52.4)
- -
40 (275) 7.5 (51.7)
Compression After 1500 in-lb/in Impact
Strength, ksi (MPa)
-
47 (327)
-
-
Property values listed are typical for laminates with 60% fiber volume. Wet = water immersion for 14 days at 160°F (71°C)
Table 5 | Composite Thermal Properties
1 Test method: DSC 2Cooling Rate = 10°C/min
* NOTE: Tg data is not applicable for U.S. export control classification or licensing. For export-related information please contact us.
F
Toughness Property
Room Temp.
Melting Temperature Tm, °F (°C) 1
639 (337)
Glass Transition Temperature Tg, °F (°C) *
318 (159)
Crystallization Temperature, °F (°C) 2
534 (279)
F
Table 6 | Composite Flammability Properties
Toughness Property
Room Temp.
Vertical burn drip time, sec
No Drip
Vertical burn extinguishing time, sec
0
OSU heat release peak, kW/m2
<10
OSU heat release total, kW-min/m2
<10
NBS smoke density Ds at 4 minutes
<10
APPLICATION NOTES
Autoclave Consolidation
The recommended cycle for autoclave consolidation is shown in Figure 1. The recommended bagging scheme is shown in Figure 2. Recommended cure cycle is as follows:
Apply 22 inches Hg vacuum minimum to vacuum bag
Maintain full vacuum through the entire cycle
Heat to 710 ± 10°F at any rate
Ensure material/laminate is equilibrated at process temperature use lagging thermocouple and allow for material thickness where appropriate
Apply 100 ± 5 psi autoclave pressure when temperature reaches 710 ± 10°F
Hold at 710 ± 10°F and 100 ± 5 psi for 20 +10/-5 minutes
Cool down at a cooling rate of less than 100°F per minute
Maintain 100 ± 5 psi until below 250°F
FL 1 time at temperature is based on lagging thermocouple
Figure 1 | Recommended Autoclave Consolidation Cycle for PEKK Composites
Consolidate at 710 ± 10oF 100 ± 5 psi for 20 +15/-5 minutes, FL 1
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
0
Maintain 100 ± 5 psi until below 250oF (Temperature based on lagging thermocouple)
Time
100oF/minute max. cooling rate
Temperature (oF)
Heat-up at any rate
Figure 2 | Recommended Vacuum Bag Scheme
HT Sealant Tape
Kapton® Polyimide Bagging Film 7781 Glass Fabric, 6-8 plies
Kapton® Stainless Steel Plate, 0.028”
Kapton® Film with Release Laminate
Kapton® Film with Release
Stainless Steel Plate, 0.028”
Steel Tool Plate
4” Fiberglass Boatcloth
PRODUCT HANDLING AND SAFETY
Chain
HT Sealant Tape (against laminate)
Cytec Engineered Materials recommends wearing clean, impervious gloves when working with BMI resin systems to reduce skin contact and to avoid contamination of the product.
Materials Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) and product labels are available upon request and can be obtained from any Cytec Engineered Materials Office.
DISPOSAL OF SCRAP MATERIAL
Disposal of scrap material should be in accordance with local, state, and federal regulations.
CONTACT INFORMATION
GLOBAL HEADQUARTERS for AEROSPACE MATERIALS
Tempe, Arizona
tel 480.730.2000
fax 480.730.2088
email custinfo@cytec.com
NORTH AMERICA
Anaheim, California
tel 714.630.9400 fax 714.666.4345
Orange, California
tel 714.639.2050 fax 714.532.4096
Cytec Carbon Fiber Piedmont, South Carolina tel 864.277.5720
fax 864.299.9373
EUROPE
Wrexham, United Kingdom
tel +44 1978.665200 fax +44 1978.665222
ASIA
Shanghai, China
tel +86 21.5746.8018 fax +86 21.5746.8038
Greenville, Texas
tel 903.457.8500 fax 903.457.8598
Winona, Minnesota
tel 507.454.3611 fax 507.452.8195
Östringen, Germany
tel +49 7253.934111 fax +49 7253.934102
Havre de Grace, Maryland
tel 410.939.1910 fax 410.939.8100
D’ Aircraft Products Anaheim, California tel 714.632.8444 fax 714.632.7164
DISCLAIMER: The data and information provided in this document have been obtained from carefully controlled samples and are considered to be representative of the product described. Cytec Engineered Materials (Cytec) does not express or imply any guarantee or warranty of any kind including, but not limited to, the accuracy, the completeness or the relevance of the data and information set out herein. Because the properties of this product can be significantly affected by the fabrication and testing techniques employed, and since Cytec does not control the conditions under which its products are tested and used, Cytec cannot guarantee the properties provided will be obtained with other processes and equipment. No guarantee or warranty is provided that the product is adapted for a specific use or purpose. Cytec declines any liability with respect to the use made by any third party of the data and information contained herein. Cytec has the right to change any data or information when deemed appropriate.
新しい高剛性・高強度な炭素繊維織布強化PEEK系樹脂素材：TECATEC
2011年7月19日
航空・宇宙産業機限らず、軽量化と高剛性・高強度を両立させる素材の重要度は高まっています。TECATECシリーズは、軽量金属素材と比較して非常に優れた比重対比の機械強度を有しています。
様々な産業分野の軽量化が必要な用途にご使用いただけます。
ENSINGERは、炭素繊維織布にPEEK樹脂、あるいはPEKK樹脂を含浸させて圧縮成形した切削加工用樹脂素材、TECATECシリーズを販売しています。
もともと樹脂の特性が優れたPEEK樹脂やPEKK樹脂を使用していることにより、複合材としては非常に高い剛性と強度を有しており、比重対比で換算すると非常に優れた特性を示しています。さらに、寸法精度が極めて良好で有り、骨折治療で使用されるターゲットデバイスに採用されています。
グラフ：各種金属素材とTECATEC PEKK CW 60の引張強度とその比重比
軽量化を検討する場合には、比重対比した強度が一つの目安となります。上グラフで明らかなように、TECATEC PEKK CW 60は非常に優れた引張強度を有しつつ、同時に比重も1.61と非常に小さいため(超々ジュラルミンでも2.8)、金属素材と比較して抜きんでた強度の比重比を有しています。
TECATECの機械物性
TECATECは、先述したように炭素繊維織布を積層させてつくる、熱可塑性樹脂複合材です。従って、積層方向と織布の方向とでは、物性に差違があります。
注：グラフと物性表で引張強度が異なる理由について
上グラフ中の引張強度の値(800MPa)と物性表(585MPa)とで値が異なっていますが、これは測定法が異なることに起因しています。試験片の厚みが薄くなればなるほど炭素繊維織布による補強効果が顕著になるためと考えられます。仮に585MPaの引張強度とした場合は、比重換算で363MPaとなりますので、それでも他の金属素材よりも大きな値であることには変わりはございません。
KEPSTANTM PEKK Polymer
Tim Spahr – Business Manager Arkema, Inc
Arkema Intro
An Introduction to the
Polyether Ketone Ketone
(PEKK) Co-Polymer
Timothy Spahr Business Manager – Americas KEPSTAN PEKK Arkema Inc
An Introduction to the Polyether Ketone Ketone (PEKK) Co-Polymer
Introduction
Polyether ketone ketone (PEKK) is not a new polymer, but has recently seen more widespread industrial use.
Prior to 2011, PEKK’s primary use was for captive production of thermoplastic composites,
It was sold in limited quantities of PEKK to a few small compounding companies. These companies offered PEKK for melt processing, as well as other specialty and composite processes.
In 2011, Arkema began industrial PEKK production, providing a PEKK source and reliable supply chain.
The additional supply of PEKK to the market has created a growing interest in PEKK for a variety of industrial sectors and applications.
3
An Introduction to the Polyether Ketone Ketone (PEKK) Co-Polymer
What is PEKK?
PEKK is the abbreviation for Polyether Ketone Ketone
PEKK is a part of the high Performance of Poly Aryl Ether Ketone (PAEK) polymer family.
The other PAEK polymers are PEEEK, PEK and PEEK.
The difference in the characteristics of the PAEK polymer family is a result of the sequence and ratio of keto (k) to ether (e) synthetic linkages.
An Introduction to the Polyether Ketone Ketone (PEKK) Co-Polymer
The PAEK Polymer Family
Keto linkages are less flexible than Ether linkages Stiffer polymer chains = Higher Tg
Keto linkages enhance packing efficiency of unit- cells
Larger crystal binding energy = Higher Tm
PEEEK = 25% keto linkages
O OOCO
PEEK = 33% keto linkages
O OOC
n
Tm = 343o C Tg = 143o C
PEKK= 67% keto linkage
n
Tm=324oC Tg=129o
PEK = 50% keto linkages
OOO
OC OC
C
n
Tm = 374o C Tg = 152o C
n Tm ≥ 400o C Tg = 170o C
An Introduction to the Polyether Ketone Ketone (PEKK) Co-Polymer
What is PEKK?
PEKK= 67% keto linkage
OO
OC
Tm ≥ 400o C Tg = 170o C
C
n
The melt temperature for the PEKK homo-polymer would be approximately 400°C
This is very near the degradation temperature for PAEK polymers.
Melt processing a polymer with nearly the same melt and
decomposition temperature would clearly be a challenge
What makes PEKK unique among the other PAEKs, is the ability to synthesize isomeric copolymers to affect the Tm and significantly
widen the melt processing window.
An Introduction to the Polyether Ketone Ketone (PEKK) Co-Polymer
What is PEKK
Increasing the Isophthaloyl moieties
Decreases the Tm
Retains Tg at a high level Increases chain flexibility Decreases crystallization rate
An Introduction to the Polyether Ketone Ketone (PEKK) Co-Polymer
The PEKK Co-Polymer
Illustrated below are the terephthaloyl and isophthaloyl repeating units of PEKK copolymers.
The terephthaloyl moieties are straight and rigid
While the isophthaloyl moieties create a structural variation, or “kink”,
in the chain, that affects chain flexibility, mobility and crystallization.
Terephthaloyl Isophthaloyl
Aka: Para (keto) linkage
Aka: Meta linkage
OO OCC
O OC
OC
An Introduction to the Polyether Ketone Ketone (PEKK) Co-Polymer
The PEKK Co-Polymer
O OOOC
OCCOC
Co-Polymer system
● Variable isomer ratio Terephthalic moieties (T) & Isophthalic moieties (I)
● StructuralvariationwithT/Iratio Current PEKK Co-polymers:
● T/I = 80/20, Semi-Crystalline Tg = 165°C Tm = 360°C ● T/I = 70/30, Semi-Crystalline Tg = 162°C Tm = 332°C ● T/I = 60/40, Semi-crystalline Tg = 160°C Tm = 303°C
An Introduction to the Polyether Ketone Ketone (PEKK) Co-Polymer
PEKK Co-Polymer Crystallization Kinetics
An Introduction to the Polyether Ketone Ketone (PEKK) Co-Polymer
40 35 30 25 20 15 10
5
PEKK Co-Polymer Crystallization Kinetics
80/20 PEKK 70/30 PEKK
60/30 PEKK
0
180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330
Temperature °C
Half-Time (Minutes)
An Introduction to the Polyether Ketone Ketone (PEKK) Co-Polymer
Flexural DMTA of 60/40 PEKK and 80/20 PEKK at 1 Hz and 5°C/min 10,000 0.8
6
0/40 PEKK
80/20 PEKK
Storage Modulus
Tan Delta
1,000
0.7 0.6
0.5 100 0.4
10
1
0.3 0.2
0.1
0 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
Tan Delta
Storage Modulus E’ (MPa)
10,000
1,000
100
10
1
Flexural DMTA of 60/40 PEKK at 1 Hz 0.8 0.7
0.6
0.5 0.4
0.3 0.2
0.1
An Introduction to the Polyether Ketone Ketone (PEKK) Co-Polymer
60/40 PEKK DTMA @ 5°C/min 60/40 PEKK DTMA @ 1°C/min
0 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
Storage Modulus E’ (MPa)
An Introduction to the Polyether Ketone Ketone (PEKK) Co-Polymer
Processes Compatible with PEKK
14
An Introduction to the Polyether Ketone Ketone (PEKK) Co-Polymer
PEKK Compatible Processes
The PEKK copolymers are processable in all of the traditional melt processes (injection molding, Compression molding and extrusion), thermoforming, laser sintering and in processes related to composite tape and fabrics.
Because each of the PEKK polymers have a unique melt temperature and crystallinity kinetics, one or more of the polymers might be better suited for a specific process than the others.
An Introduction to the Polyether Ketone Ketone (PEKK) Co-Polymer
PEKK Injection Molding
An Introduction to the Polyether Ketone Ketone (PEKK) Co-Polymer
80/20 PEKK Injection Molding Process Temperatures
Rear Zone 680-705oF 360-374oC
Center Zone 690-710oF 365-377oC
Melt Temperature: DO NOT:
• exceed a sustained melt temperature of 725oF (385oC) • set barrel or nozzle temperature below 680oF
Mold temperatures to lower molded-in stresses (These mold temperatures require longer process time)
400oF(205oC) - 420oF(216oC)
Mold temperatures for fast mold processing
420oF(216oC) - 450oF(232oC)
Min 700oF(371oC) – Max 725oF(385oC)
Front Zone 700-720oF 371-382oC
Nozzle 710-720oF 377-382oC)
60/40 PEKK Injection Molding Process Temperatures
17
Rear Zone 595-605oF 313-318oC
Center Zone 610-620oF 321-327oC
Front Zone 620-630oF 327-332oC
Mold Temperature:
200oF(93oC) - 250oF(121oC)
Parts thicker than 0.300 inches (7.62 mm) and processing the KEPSTAN 6000 series materials using mold temperatures greater than 320oF (160oC) may allow the polymer to crystallize.
Nozzle 630-640oF 332-338oC)
Melt Temperature: Min 610oF(321oC) – Max 640oF(338oC) DO NOT:
• exceed a sustained melt temperature of 650oF (343oC) • set barrel or nozzle temperature below 595oF
An Introduction to the Polyether Ketone Ketone (PEKK) Co-Polymer
100,000
10,000
1,000
100
10
1
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
An Introduction to the Polyether Ketone Ketone (PEKK) Co-Polymer
80/20 PEKK - Unfilled
80/20 PEKK w/ 30% Glass fiber 80/20 PEKK w/ 30% Carbon fiber
Storage Modulus E’ (MPa)
An Introduction to the Polyether Ketone Ketone (PEKK) Co-Polymer
Thermoforming PEKK
An Introduction to the Polyether Ketone Ketone (PEKK) Co-Polymer
PEKK Sheet/Film
60/40 PEKK has been successfully cast extruded in sheets/film in thicknesses from 6μ to 1.5 mm.
70/30 PEKK has been successfully cast extruded in sheets/film in thicknesses from 50μ to 400μ.
Sheet/films made using these polymer are used as cover films, laminating and thermoformed parts.
An Introduction to the Polyether Ketone Ketone (PEKK) Co-Polymer
Unlike the other Polyaryletherketone polymers the 60/40 PEKK will not crystallize in the thermoforming process
It also can be thermoformed at much lower temperatures
Sheet temperature = 155°C to 180°C
Form temperature of 23°C to 100°C.
The results of laboratory tests have shown that the 60/40 PEKK has the ability of up to a 20 to 1 draw ratio (shown below)
Film of the 70/30 PEKK and 80/20 PEKK have been produced but have not yet been evaluated for their ability to be thermoformed.
An Introduction to the Polyether Ketone Ketone (PEKK) Co-Polymer
Laser Welding PEKK
An Introduction to the Polyether Ketone Ketone (PEKK) Co-Polymer
Laser Welding PEKK
Due to its slow crystallinity kinetics, the 60/40 PEKK is ideally suited for laser welded assembly
60/40 PEKK can be laser welded to any black PAEK polymers.
Unlike most semi-crystalline polymers, the 60/40 PEKK maintain
its amorphous condition after welding.
Not crystalizing during the laser welding process minimizes shrinkage and stress induced warpage
Unlike other Polyaryletherketone materials, the 60/40 PEKK maintains its clarity after the laser welding process.
An Introduction to the Polyether Ketone Ketone (PEKK) Co-Polymer
Laser radiation
Laser Welding PEKK
Melt zone
Weld seam
60/40 PEKK unfilled
or
60/40 PEKK w/30% Glass fiber
Any Black PAEK, the use of LASER absorption compound or black PAEK film
Courtesy of LEISTER Technologies, LLC
An Introduction to the Polyether Ketone Ketone (PEKK) Co-Polymer
Laser Sintering PEKK
An Introduction to the Polyether Ketone Ketone (PEKK) Co-Polymer
Laser Sintering PEKK Copolymers
The 60/40 PEKK copolymers are being used in the selective laser sintering process due to:
Lowest Melt Temperature of the PAEK polymers at 305o C
Glass Transition Temperature = 160o C
Heat Deflection Temperature = ~170o C
Continuous use Temperature (CUT) = 260o C
Exposure at the SLS chamber temperatures for extended period of time does not degrade the PEKK
The laser sintering process requires a chamber temperature and a cycle time that inherently allow the 60/40 PEKK parts to approach their full crystalline potential.
In the laser sintering process, PEKK does not degrade like other PAEKs.
Instead the process temperatures alter the crystalline structure of the non-sintered polymer powder, making it more favorable for re- use/recycling in consecutive laser sintering processes.
An Introduction to the Polyether Ketone Ketone (PEKK) Co-Polymer
Laser Sintering Process
Reference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selective_laser_sintering
An Introduction to the Polyether Ketone Ketone (PEKK) Co-Polymer
PEKK in Composites
An Introduction to the Polyether Ketone Ketone (PEKK) Co-Polymer
PEKK in Composites
An Introduction to the Polyether Ketone Ketone (PEKK) Co-Polymer
Material:
Data Compliments of TenCate
Cetex TC 1320
Cetex TC 1200
PolyetherKetone Ketone (PEKK)
PolyetherEther Ketone (PEEK)
Property:
Min Max
Min Max
Glass Transition Temperature
162°C
143°C
Melt Temperature
332°C
343°C
Operating Temperature (Composite)
147°C
128°C
Continuous Use Temperature (Polymer)
260°C
250°C to 260°C
Process Temperature (Composite)
360°C to 380°C
380°C to 400°C
Limiting Oxygen Index (polymer only)
35% to 40%
24% to 35%
Open Hole Tensile (RT)
393 MPa
387 MPa
Open Hole Compression (RT)
328 MPa
320 MPa
Compression After Impact
308 MPa
265 MPa
Comparison of PEKK and PEEK base composites (Data Courtesy of TenCate Advanced Composites
An Introduction to the Polyether Ketone Ketone (PEKK) Co-Polymer
PEKK Hybrid Composite Molding
10/19/2015
32
An Introduction to the Polyether Ketone Ketone (PEKK) Co-Polymer
Hybrid Press Forming Process
An Introduction to the Polyether Ketone Ketone (PEKK) Co-Polymer
Hybrid Press Forming Process
Press-forming is a hybrid process in which forming the composite laminate and the injection molding processes are performed simultaneously in the same operation.
Two specialty molding companies in France, Cogit and Sintex NP group have proven the compatibility of press forming and overmolding by creating demonstrator boxes using the 70/30 PEKK composite laminate overmolded with the 30% chopped carbon fiber filled 80/20 PEKK.
An Introduction to the Polyether Ketone Ketone (PEKK) Co-Polymer
Press Formed
70/30 Carbon Fiber Fabric
30% Chopped Carbon fiber filled
80/20 ribs and sides
Demonstrator Box: Press formed and overmolded in one tool and in one process by the Sintex NP Group
An Introduction to the Polyether Ketone Ketone (PEKK) Co-Polymer
30% Chopped Carbon fiber filled
80/20 PEKK Ribs and Base
Threaded Inserts
Press Formed
70/30 Carbon Fiber Fabric
Demonstrator Box: Press Formed and overmolded in one tool and in one process
An Introduction to the Polyether Ketone Ketone (PEKK) Co-Polymer
Conclusion
PEKK is a co-polymer that is part of High Performance Poly Aryl Ether Ketone (PAEK) polymer family.
The PEKK copolymers are identified by the ratio of the terephthaloyl and Isophthaloyl (T/I ratio) used during their synthesis.
There are three available polymer grades; the 60/40 PEKK, 70/30 PEKK and 80/20 PEKK.
These polymers can be used in injection molding, sheet/film extrusion, extrusion of stock shape powder coating, additive manufacturing-laser sintering and for thermoplastics composites.
Due to their unique characteristics, the PEKK copolymers are enabling the use of new process technologies and allowing for create use of older processes, including improvements of thermoplastic composites.
An Introduction to the Polyether Ketone Ketone (PEKK) Co-Polymer
Tim Spahr
Business Manager Arkema
W17878 Silver Creek Rd Galesville, WI 54630 USA
P: +1-608-582-2829 C: +1-608-738-9151 F: +1-610-878-6298
Email: tim.spahr@arkema.com Website: www.arkema.com
Synthesis and characterization of poly(etherketone ketone) (PEKK)/sodium sulfonatedpoly(arylene ether ketone) (S-PAEK) blockcopolymersDaoji Gan,* Shiqiang Lu and Zhijian WangDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330034, People’s Republic ofChinaAbstract: A series of well-de®ned poly(ether ketone ketone) (PEKK)/sodium sulfonated poly(aryl etherketone) (S-PAEK) block copolymers of high molecular weights was prepared by direct nucleophilicpolymerization of hydroquinone with sodium 5,5'-carbonylbis(2-¯uorobenzene sulfonate) (1) andPEKK oligomer (2). Varying the ratio of 1 to 2 used in polymerization can be used to control the degreeof polymer sulfonation, which correspondingly affects the polymer solubility in solvents. Increasingcontent of 1 in the copolymers, slightly decreases their thermal stability which is neverthelessthermally stable up to 400 °C. Two Tgvalues, or one broad Tg, were observed in the DSC measurementsof the block copolymers, indicating the existence of phase separation, which was further proved byphase-separated morphologies as shown in atomic force microscopy images.# 2001 Society of Chemical IndustryKeywords: poly(ether ketone ketone) (PEKK); block copolymers; sulphonationINTRODUCTIONPoly(aryl ether ketone)s (PAEK) are a type of high-performance polymer with excellent thermal, physicaland mechanical properties.1These polymers havefound many applications in aerospace, coating andinsulating materials.2±4In the synthesis of thesepolymers, two main strategies, nucleophilic displace-ment5±7and electrophilic polycondensation,6,8havebeen developed. Functionalization of these polymershas also been pursued for modi®cation of somephysical properties.9±12Sulfonation of PAEK can beused to improve the solubility of these polymers inorganic solvents13±15and lead to applications such asmembranes.9,13,16±20Direct sulfonation by immersingPAEK powder in concentrated sulfuric acid is aconvenient method, but the sulfonation process isdif®cult to control and may result in side reactions ordegradation of the polymers.13±15,21Recently, somepublications have reported the preparation of randomPAEK copolymers with a controllable degree ofsulfonation by nucleophilic polymerization using anappropriate ratio of sulfonated monomer.12,18How-ever, well-de®ned block copolymers containing sulfo-nated groups have not yet been described in theliterature.This well-de®ned polymer structure is interestingbecause it may offer highly controllable physicalproperties through functional groups. In this paper,we report the preparation of poly(ether ketone ketone)(PEKK)/sodium sulfonated poly(arylene ether ketone)(S-PAEK) block copolymers by combining the pro-cesses of nucleophilic and electrophilic reactions.PEKK oligomers with controlled molecular weightwere synthesized by Friedel±Crafts electrophilic reac-tions, and block copolymers with varying contents ofsulfonated monomer units were prepared by nucleo-philic polymerization. The solubility, thermal proper-ties and morphologies of these functional polymershave been investigated.EXPERIMENTALMaterialsTerephthaloyl chloride (mp 79±81°C) was a gift fromthe Nanchang Agrichemical Factory (Jiangxi, People'sRepublic of China). Diphenyl ether (m p 27±29°C)was purchased from Changzhou Chemical Inc (Jiang-su, People's Republic of China). Anhydrous alumi-nium chloride and hydroquinone were obtained fromShanghai Reagent Inc (Shanghai, People's Republicof China). Fluorobenzene and 4,4'-di¯uorobenzo-phenone were purchased from Fluorochem Ltd, UK.1,2-Dichloroethane and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)were distilled under reduced pressure before use.(Received 1 October 2000; accepted 22 February 2001)* Correspondence to: Daoji Gan, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 770 State St, Atlanta, GA 30332,USAE-mail: Daoji.Gan@chemistry.gatech.edu# 2001 Society of Chemical Industry. Polym Int 0959±8103/2001/$30.00
Kepstan®
Product range
Kepstan® is a Polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) CoPolymer and is in the family of Poly Aryl Ether Ketone (PAEK) polymers. PEKK is synthesized in various formulations with individually unique properties. The PEKK formulations are expressed by the ratio of Terephthaloyl (T) to Isophthaloyl (I) moieties used during the synthesis that created the polymer. The T/I ratio affects PEKK’s melt point glass transition temperature and crystallization kinetics.
スーパーエンプラPEKKスーパーエンプラPEKK
アルケマ社とオックスフォード・パーフォーマンス・マテリアル社が提供するアリルエーテル樹脂PEKKはガラス軟化点が160℃と非常に高く、高強度・高耐蝕なエンジニアリングプラスチック最高峰の素材です。
主な用途は、航空機用構造材・医療用インプラント材・シール材・構造材など過酷な環下で使用される軽量・高強度部材として使用されます。
商品：熱可塑性高性能エンジニアリングプラスチック
メーカー：ARKEMA Japan / Oxford Performance materials